2012_04_30 Aphotic adj. Dark;无光;黑暗。

Word of the Day for Monday, April 30, 2012
aphotic \ey-FOH-tik\, adjective:
Lightless; dark.
I sat curled up on the sofa, trapped in the dream from which I had begun to awaken, but still lost in the reminiscence of our aphotic rendezvous.
 -- Žakalin Nežić, Goodbye Serbia
The stars and moon outside the windows on the twenty- first floor of Fordum Towers shined in the distance, the sky otherwise ebony and aphotic.
 -- Steven Gillis, Water Falls
Coined in the early 1900s, aphotic comes from the Greek word photic meaning "light," as in the word photo, and the prefix a- meaning "not."
无光;黑暗。

我坐在沙发上蜷缩着，被困在我已经开始觉醒的梦想，但仍然在我们无光交会的回忆丢失。
- ŽakalinNežić，塞尔维亚再见

Fordum塔二十一楼窗外的星星和月亮照在远处的天空，否则乌木和无光。
- 史蒂文·吉利斯，水瀑布

创造了在20世纪初，无光“，而不是”从透光的希腊字，意思是“光”字的照片，和前缀的含义

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2012_04_29 Ensconce v. 解决安全或紧贴。To settle securely or snugly.

Word of the Day for Sunday, April 29, 2012
ensconce \en-SKONS\, verb:
1. To settle securely or snugly.
2. To cover or shelter; hide securely.
Here, Ryan would ensconce himself in a hammock.
 -- Zadie Smith, White Teeth
This did not trouble him, and he was quite content to ensconce himself in a cosy corner...
 -- Georgette Heyer, Regency Buck
They ensconce themselves in their child, in adding and replacing furniture, in discussing insurance and finally buying some.
 -- Norman Mailer, The Naked and the Dead
Ensconce is related to the word for a type of fort that defended a bridge or pass. It came to mean "to settle securely" in the late 1500s.

1。解决安全或紧贴。
2。为了掩盖或遮蔽，隐藏安全。

在这里，瑞安将蔽在自己的吊床。
- 查蒂·史密斯，白牙

这不麻烦他，他是相当的内容以蔽自己在一个舒适的角落......
- 乔其纱海耶，摄政巴克

他们蔽在他们的孩子，在添加和更换家具，在讨论保险和最后买一些。
- 诺曼·梅勒，“裸者与死者

蔽是关系到一个堡垒型桥梁或通过辩护的话。它来的意思“，以解决安全”在16世纪后期。

2012_04_28 Littoral Adj. 海洋的岸边 Pertaining to the shore of a lake, sea, or ocean

Word of the Day for Saturday, April 28, 2012
littoral \LIT-er-uhl\, adjective:
1. Pertaining to the shore of a lake, sea, or ocean.
2. (On ocean shores) of or pertaining to the biogeographic region between the sublittoral zone and the high-water line and sometimes including the supralittoral zone above the high-water line.
3. Of or pertaining to the region of freshwater lake beds from the sublittoral zone up to and including damp areas on shore.
noun:
1. A littoral region.
The extensive artificialization of lake shorelines reduces the native littoral vegetation in quantity and quality.
 -- Alex Córdoba-Aguilar, Dragonflies and Damselflies
There was an exuberant fierceness in the littoral here, a vital competition for existence.
 -- John Steinbeck, The Grapes of Wrath
Littoral stems from the Latin word lītus which meant "shore." It was replaced by the Old English word shore but is still used by scientists

1。有关的一个湖，海，海洋的岸边。
2。 （维景湾畔）或有关之间的sublittoral的区域和高水位线，有时还包括高水位线以上的潮上带的地理区域。
3。或有关地区的淡水湖泊病床从sublittoral区最多，包括潮湿的地方上了岸。

名词：
1。沿岸地区。

广泛的湖海岸线人工化，减少在本土沿岸植被的数量和质量。
- 亚历克斯科尔多瓦咀，蜻蜓和豆娘

有在沿岸的旺盛凶猛这里，一个重要的存在竞争。
- 约翰斯坦贝克“愤怒的葡萄”

滨海源于“岸”。这意味着从拉丁词lītus它取代了旧的英文单词岸边，但科学家仍然使用

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2012_04_27 Nosh v. 零食。To snack n.小吃。 A snack.

Word of the Day for Friday, April 27, 2012
nosh \nosh\, verb:
1. To snack or eat between meals.
2. To snack on.
noun:
1. A snack.
“Here are more munchies for you to nosh on. I know you're probably hungry.” Vincent added a platter of scrumptious fried calamari to the table.
 -- Jessica Speart, Black Delta Night
"You got anything to nosh on?" "We're going to a good restaurant; leave your appetite alone."
 -- William Goldman, Boys and Girls Together
Nosh stems from the Yiddish word nashn from the German word meaning "to nibble." It entered English in the 1950s.

1。两餐之间的零食或吃。
2。零食。

名词：
1。小吃。

“这里有更多的零食，你到小食。我知道你大概饿了。“文森特增添了美味的炸鱿鱼拼盘表。
- 杰西卡Speart，黑色三角洲夜

“你有什么小食上？”“我们要去一个良好的餐厅;独自离开你的食欲。”
- 威廉·戈德曼，男孩和女孩在一起

小食源于“蚕食”意第绪语单词nashn从德国一词的含义在20世纪50年代进入英语。

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2012_04_26 Adenoidal adj. 挤压和鼻的音质。pinched and nasal in tone quality.

Word of the Day for Thursday, April 26, 2012
adenoidal \ad-n-OID-l\, adjective:
1. Being characteristically pinched and nasal in tone quality.
2. Of or pertaining to the adenoids; adenoid.
3. Having the adenoids enlarged, especially to a degree that interferes with normal breathing.
"Quite the good, old-fashioned type of servant," as Miss Marple explained afterward, and with the proper, inaudible, respectful voice, so different from the loud but adenoidal accents of Gladys.
 -- Agatha Christie, Three Blind Mice
Then just as suddenly the sensation was gone and I heard a shrill, adenoidal voice that swallowed most of its soft consonants…
 -- Charles Johnson, Middle Passage
Adenoidal only entered English in the 1910s, referring to the glands near the nasal passage.
1。作为典型的挤压和鼻的音质。
2。或有关的腺样体;腺样。
3。腺样体增大，尤其是在一定程度上妨碍正常呼吸。

“相当不错，老式的仆人，”马普尔小姐解释之后，正确的，无声的，恭敬的声音，所以从格拉迪斯的响亮，但腺样体肥大口音不同。
- 阿加莎·克里斯蒂，三只瞎眼的老鼠

然后突然之间的感觉不见了，我听到了刺耳的，腺样体肥大的吞食其软辅音的声音......
- 查尔斯·约翰逊，中间通道

腺样体肥大仅在1910年进入英语，指的是鼻腔附近的腺体。

2012_04_25 Barnburner n. 令人印象深刻的, Something that is highly exciting or impressive。

Word of the Day for Wednesday, April 25, 2012
barnburner \BAHRN-bur-ner\, noun:
1. Something that is highly exciting or impressive.
2. Chiefly Pennsylvania. A wooden friction match.
3. (Initial capital letter) A member of the progressive faction in the Democratic party in New York State 1845–52.
“So, ready for the elder's meeting tonight?” Olan said, pouring himself some coffee. “Should be a barnburner from what I hear.”
 -- Jonathan Weyer, The Faithful
"A real barnburner — look, you got me sweating buckets." Jason's sitting on the curb with his teammates.
 -- Craig Davidson, Rust and Bone
Barnburner is an Americanism that was first observed in the 1830s. It referred to the practice of burning down a barn to get rid of rats.
1。东西是非常令人兴奋或令人印象深刻的。
2。主要是宾夕法尼亚州。木摩擦比赛。
3。 （初始大写字母）的成员在1845年至1852年纽约州的民主党进步派。

“所以，老今晚的会议做好准备吗？”Olan说，浇自己的一些咖啡。 “应该是从我听到的barnburner。”
- 乔纳森·韦耶，忠实

“一个真正的barnburner - 看，你让我出汗桶。”贾森坐在路边上，与他的队友。
- 克雷格·戴维森，锈病和骨

barnburner是首次观察到在19世纪30年代的美国主义。它指的是烧毁谷仓摆脱对大鼠的做法。

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2012_04_24 Fard n. 适用于化妆品.v. To apply cosmetics.

Word of the Day for Tuesday, April 24, 2012
fard \fahrd\, verb:
1. To apply cosmetics.
noun:
1. Facial cosmetics.
She's farded inch-thick with affectation. She's perfumed to suffocation with the musk of pretence. The colour on her cheek is part paint, part mock-modesty.
 -- Mary Cowden Clarke, The Girlhood of Shakespeare's Heroines
Holding a candle dramatically high, wrapped in a very shabby old housegown, with some kind of fard on her cheeks and her grey hair screwed up in short plaits above her ears, she had a rather ridiculous air...
 -- Phyllis Bentley, Love and Money
Fard comes from the Old Low Franconian word farwiđon meaning "to dye or color." In the Old French it became farder meaning "to apply makeup."
1。适用于化妆品。

名词：
1。面部化妆品。

她farded与做作英寸厚。她的熏香与麝香的幌子窒息。她脸颊上的颜色是油漆，部分模拟谦虚。
- 玛丽·考登克拉克，莎士比亚的女主人公少女时代

拿着一支蜡烛，包裹在非常破旧housegown，在她的脸颊和她花白的头发，拧她的耳朵以上的短辫子一些的fard的一种，大大高，她有一个相当可笑的空气......
- 菲利斯·宾利，爱情和金钱

fard“。染料或颜色”，从旧的低的弗兰克尼亚字farwiđon意义在古法语成为意义farder“打扮”。

2012_04_23 Germinal adj. 在最早的發展階段。Being in the earliest stage of development.

Word of the Day for Monday, April 23, 2012
germinal \JUR-muh-nl\, adjective:
1. Being in the earliest stage of development.
2. Of or pertaining to a germ or germs.
3. Of the nature of a germ or germ cell.
The germinal idea can be anything that gets your creative juices flowing. It can be a place, a person, an odd event.
 -- James N. Frey, The Key
But there are also young forces which are connected with the germinal qualities the Earth holds within the cosmos.
 -- Rudolf Steiner, The Fifth Gospel
Germinal is derived from the Latin word germen meaning "sprout, bud."

生髮\ JUR慕NL\，形容詞：

1。在最早的發展階段。
2。或有關細菌或病菌。
3。生殖或生殖細胞的性質。

生髮的想法是什麼，讓您的創意源源不斷。它可以是一個地方，一個人，一個奇怪的事件。
- 詹姆斯N.弗雷，關鍵

但也有年輕的力量，這是地球在宇宙中擁有生髮素質連接。
- 魯道夫·斯坦納，第五福音

生髮來自拉丁詞“發芽，芽的意思生殖腺。”

2012_04_22 Obtuse adj. 還不快或警報知覺，感覺，或智力。blunt in form.

Word of the Day for Sunday, April 22, 2012
obtuse \uhb-TOOS\, adjective:
1. Not quick or alert in perception, feeling, or intellect.
2. Not sharp, acute, or pointed; blunt in form.
3. (Of a leaf, petal, etc.) rounded at the extremity.
4. Indistinctly felt or perceived, as pain or sound.
"Excuse me?" Rose says, giving me the look I deserve, given the obtuse nature of my invitation.
 -- David Sosnowski, Vamped
That was always your failing. Too obtuse. Never able quite to get to the point. Or to make people realise when you have got there.
 -- Paul House, Dust Before the Wind
He tried to collect his newspaper from under her while asking, “Then why did you ask me that obtuse question?”
 -- Shelly Hancock, Entertaining Jonathan
Obtuse comes from the Latin word tundere which meant "to beat" and the prefix ob- meaning "against" because it referred to the process of beating metal until it was dull.
鈍\ UHB-TOOS\，形容詞：

1。還不快或警報知覺，感覺，或智力。
2。不鋒利，尖銳，或尖，鈍的形式。
3。 （葉，花瓣等）環繞在下肢。
4。隱約感覺或知覺，疼痛或聲音。

“對不起我嗎？”羅斯說，給我應有的看看我，給予我的邀請鈍性質。
- 大衛Sosnowski，Vamped

一直是你的失敗。太鈍。從來沒有能夠相當去點。或使人們意識到，當你到了那裡。
- 保羅樓，風前的灰塵

他試圖從她收集他的報紙，一邊問：“那你為什麼還要問我，鈍的問題嗎？”
- 雪萊娛樂喬納森·漢考克，

鈍因為它提到的跳動，直到它是沉悶的金屬從拉丁詞tundere這意味著“擊敗”的前綴OB-意思是“反對”。

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2012_04_21 Hsien n. 一個縣或地區。a county or district.

Word of the Day for Saturday, April 21, 2012
hsien \shyuhn\, noun:
1. One of a group of benevolent spirits promoting good in the world.
2. In China, a county or district.
Taoists want to live forever, become Hsien.
 -- Louis Rogers, Ladder to the Sky
The hsien was willing to depart, most willing if it could fulfill its mission and take her with it. By urging the spirit to depart as quickly as possible, Deng had inadvertently given it new strength.
 -- Jane Lindskold, Five Odd Honors
Hsien stems from the Chinese word xiān meaning "hermit, wizard." It came into English in the 1960s.
1。其中一個仁慈的精神，促進世界的良好組。
2。在中國，一個縣或地區。

道家想長生不老，成為縣。
- 路易·羅傑斯，向天空的梯子

縣是如果它能夠履行其使命，並採取與她願意離開，最願意。鄧小平所要求的精神，盡快離開，在不經意間給了它新的力量。
- 簡Lindskold，五奇榮譽

縣源於中國字，意思是西安的“隱士，嚮導”。在20世紀60年代，它進入了英語。

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2012_04_20 Agnomen n. 綽號, A nickname.

Word of the Day for Friday, April 20, 2012
agnomen \ag-NOH-muhn\, noun:
1. A nickname.
2. An additional, fourth name given to a person by the ancient Romans in allusion to some achievement or other circumstance, as “Africanus” in “Publius Cornelius Scipio Africanus.”
He was thin in person and low in stature, with light sandy-colored hair, and small pale features, from which he derived his agnomen of Bean or white.
 -- Sir Walter Scott, Waverley
 Successful Roman generals were frequently given an agnomen celebrating the source of their victories.
 -- Waldo E. Sweet, Lectiones Primae
Agnomen comes from the Latin tradition of adding a fourth nickname to someone's given name. Ag- is a variation of the prefix ad- meaning "to" or "near." Nomen means "name."
1。一個綽號。
2。一個額外的，第四名由古羅馬典故給一個人一些成就或其他情況，如“非洲種”，“普布利烏斯科尼利厄斯西皮奧非洲種。”

他很瘦的人，試比高低，淺沙色頭髮，小蒼白功能，從中他得出了Bean或白色的附加名。
- 沃爾特·斯科特爵士，韋弗利

成功的羅馬將軍們經常給出一個附加名，慶祝他們的勝利之源。
- 金都E.甜，Lectiones Primae

附加名來從拉丁傳統的第四個綽號別人的名字。銀是一個廣告，意思是“”或前綴的變化“近了。”nomen意味著“這個名字。”

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2012_04_19 Bona Fides n. 善意, 誠信 Good faith;

Word of the Day for Thursday, April 19, 2012
bona fides \BOH-nah FEE-des\, noun:
1. Good faith; the state of being exactly as claims or appearances indicate.
2. (Sometimes italics) (used with a plural verb) the official papers, documents, or other items that prove authenticity, legitimacy, etc., as of a person or enterprise; credentials.
He seemed to feel that he had to convince them of his bona fides before they would trust the purity of the fuel that he was selling.
 -- Dean R. Koontz, One Door Away from Heaven
The want of sincerity or bona fides, in a large body of men, respected and respectable, is a very tender place, and cannot be touched with too much delicacy.
 -- Thomas Reid, The Works of Thomas Reid
We cannot investigate the bona fides of any of these people. We have to rely solely on deduction.
 -- Agatha Christie, Murder on the Orient Express
Originally bona fide, bona fides was accidentally pluralized by the 1830s and subsequently was used as a synonym for credentials.
善意\ BOH-NAH費-DES\，名詞：

1。誠信，是完全一樣的索賠或出現表明的狀態。
2。 （有時斜體）（與複數動詞使用）的一紙公文，證件，或者證明真實性的其他項目，合法性等，作為一個人或企業;憑據。

他似乎覺得他說服他的誠意，他們之前，他們將信任的燃料，他賣的純度。
- 迪恩·孔茨，一門從天上走

想在一個大男人的身體，誠意或善意，尊重和尊敬，是一個很溫柔的地方，不能過多的美味感動。
- 托馬斯·里德，托馬斯·里德的作品

我們無法調查這些人的任何誠意。我們單靠扣除。
- 阿加莎·克里斯蒂，在東方快車謀殺案

原本善意，誠意意外複數由19世紀30年代，隨後被用於作為憑據的代名詞。

2012_04_18 Reconnoiter v. 檢查，觀察或調查 To inspect, observe, or survey

Word of the Day for Wednesday, April 18, 2012
reconnoiter \ree-kuh-NOI-ter\, verb:
1. To make an inspection or observation.
2. To inspect, observe, or survey (the enemy, the enemy's strength or position, a region, etc.) in order to gain information for military purposes.
3. To examine or survey a region or area for engineering, geological, or other purposes.
It was necessary to reconnoiter the corral, in order to ascertain if it was occupied.
 -- Jules Verne, The Mysterious Island
I must ride up on that mountain, and reconnoiter; otherwise you see they might come down from the mountain.
 -- Leo Tolstoy, A Russian Proprietor and Other Stories
Reconnoiter comes from the French word reconnoître meaning "to explore."
1。為了使檢查或觀察。
2。檢查，觀察或調查（敵人，敵人的強度和位置，一個地區，等等），以獲得用於軍事目的的信息。
3。檢查或調查工程，地質，或作其他用途的一個地區或區域。

這是必要的偵察畜欄，以確定如果它被佔領。
- 儒勒·凡爾納，神秘島

我要騎那山，偵察，否則你看，他們可能來自下山。
- 列夫·托爾斯泰，俄羅斯業主和其他故事

偵察“探索”從法語單詞偵察意義

2012_04_17 Xenophilia n. 吸引外國民族，文化，或海關

Word of the Day for Tuesday, April 17, 2012
xenophilia \zen-uh-FIL-ee-uh\, noun:
An attraction to foreign peoples, cultures, or customs.
Yet the scenario of openhanded host and guest, of xenophilia, is played out time and time again in Homer's Odyssey. It mattered to those hill-bound and sea-scattered tribes that the wanderer be made welcome…
 -- Nicholas Delbanco, The Lost Suitcase
This connectedness — so evident to the drama's spectator, so indiscernible to the dramatized participant — promotes what we might call xenophilia.
 -- Susan Gubar, Critical Condition
The opposite of xenophobia, xenophilia has the same Greek roots. It literally means "attracted to strangers." It first appeared in English in the 1920s and was used heavily after the Second World War.
吸引外國民族，文化，或海關。

但崇洋媚外，慷慨的主機和來賓的情況下，上演了一次又一次的在荷馬的“奧德賽。它重要的那些綁定山和海散作出的遊子歡迎部落...
- 尼古拉斯·德爾班科，失落的旅行箱

這種連通性 - 如此明顯，以戲劇的觀眾，所以無形的戲劇化的參與者 - 促進我們可能叫崇洋媚外。
- 蘇珊Gubar，情況危殆

崇洋媚外的仇外心理的對面，有同樣的希臘根。它的字面意思是“吸引陌生人。”它最早出現在20世紀20年代在英國，被大量用於第二次世界大戰後。

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2012_04_10 Caparison v. To dress richly; deck.豐富的打扮

Word of the Day for Tuesday, April 10, 2012
caparison \kuh-PAR-uh-suhn\, verb:
1. To dress richly; deck.
2. To cover with a caparison.
noun:
1. A decorative covering for a horse or for the tack or harness of a horse; trappings.
2. Rich and sumptuous clothing or equipment.
The fruit, the fountain that's in all of us; in Edward; in Eleanor; so why caparison ourselves on top?
 -- Virginia Woolf, The Years
And he followed her order, bridling and saddling the horse and making every effort to caparison it well.
 -- Chrétien de Troyes, The Complete Romances of Chrétien de Troyes
Caparison originally referred to an elaborate covering for horses. It is related to the word chaperon.
覆以馬衣\山PAR-UH-孫中山的關係\，動詞：

1。豐富的打扮;甲板。
2。為了掩蓋一個華麗的鞍。

名詞：
1。一個裝飾一匹馬或一匹馬的粘性或線束覆蓋;服飾。
2。豐富和華麗的服裝或設備。

水果，在我們所有的人是在愛德華在埃莉諾的噴泉，為什麼華麗的鞍頂自己？
- 弗吉尼亞·伍爾夫，歲月

他跟著她，為了bridling和背上的馬，並盡一切努力，以及華麗的鞍。
- 克雷蒂安德特魯瓦，克雷蒂安德特魯瓦完整浪漫曲

華麗的鞍原本是指為馬精心覆蓋。它涉及到這個詞伴侶。

2012_04_16 Apercu n. a glimpse 驚鴻一瞥, 洞察。

Word of the Day for Monday, April 16, 2012
aperçu \a-per-SY\, noun:
1. A hasty glance; a glimpse.
2. An immediate estimate or judgment; understanding; insight.
3. An outline or summary.
Dr. Lornier, if you would be kind enough to give us a summary of your accomplishments and an aperçu of your plans for the next two months.
 -- Mona Risk, To Love a Hero
He was going to lecture that afternoon on Prosperity and, since I was unable to go to the lecture, he was good enough to give me an aperçu of the situation.
 -- Ford Madox Ford, It Was the Nightingale
Aperçu literally means "perceived" in French. It entered English in the 1820s.
APERCU\ A-每SY\，名詞：

1。一個匆忙的一瞥驚鴻一瞥。
2。立即估計或判斷;了解;洞察。
3。大綱或摘要。

博士Lornier，如果你是一種足以給我們總結了自己的成就和未來兩個月的計劃APERCU。
- 的蒙娜麗莎風險，要愛英雄

他要講授繁榮下午，因為我無法去演講，他不夠好，給我一個APERCU的情況。
- 福特馬多克斯福特，這是南丁格爾

APERCU的字面意思是“認為”在法國。它在19世紀20年代進入英語。

2012_04_15 Palladium n. safeguard 安全保障

Word of the Day for Sunday, April 15, 2012
palladium \puh-LEY-dee-uhm\, noun:
1. Anything believed to provide protection or safety; safeguard.
2. A statue of Athena, especially one on the citadel of Troy on which the safety of the city was supposed to depend.
3. A rare metallic element of the platinum group, silver-white, ductile and malleable, harder and fusing more readily than platinum; used chiefly as a catalyst and in dental and other alloys. Symbol: Pd; atomic weight: 106.4; atomic number: 46; specific gravity: 12 at 20°C.
Trial by jury is the palladium of our liberties.
 -- Mark Twain, Roughing It
So, representative institutions are the talismanic palladium of the nation, are they? The palladium of the classes that have them, I daresay.
 -- Charles Kingsley, Alton Locke: Novels, Poems and Letters of Charles Kingsley
Palladium is related to the Greek word pallas meaning "little maiden." The sense of a protective talisman comes from the name of a statue of Athena that guarded the city of Troy.
鈀\\，名詞PUH脈DEE-UHM：

1。相信任何提供保護或安全保障。
2。一個雅典娜雕像，尤其是對一個城市的安全應該依靠特洛伊城。
3。一種罕見的金屬元素，鉑，銀白色，韌性和延展性，難和融合比鉑金更容易;主要用作催化劑和牙科及其他合金。符號：鈀原子重量：106.4原子序數：46;比重：12在20°C。

由陪審團審判是我們的自由的鈀。
- 馬克·吐溫，粗加工

因此，代表機構是國家的護身符鈀，他們呢？鈀類，我敢說。
- 查爾斯·金斯利，奧爾頓洛克：查爾斯·金斯利的小說，詩歌和英皇

鈀是與希臘字帕拉斯，意為“小姑娘”。一個護身符感來自一個把守的特洛伊城的雅典娜雕像的名稱。

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2012_04_14 Irriguous adj.Well-watered 精心澆灌的土地

Word of the Day for Saturday, April 14, 2012
irriguous \ih-RIG-yoo-uhs\, adjective:
Well-watered, as land.
For if the old cress-woman, the sole inhabitant of that secluded valley, had been inclined to make observations, she could not have failed to perceive that irriguous as were the windings of the brook, Miss Margaret and her friends preferred following them to their utmost.
 -- Catherine Grace Frances Gore, "Blanks and Prizes, Or The Wheel of Fortune," Tait's Edinburgh Magazine
As nothing, at the opening of Spring, can exceed the luxuriant vegetation of these irriguous valleys; so, no term could be chosen more expressive of their verdure.
 -- William Beckford, Vathek
Irriguous comes from the Latin word irrigāre meaning "to wet" and the suffix -ous which turns a verb into an adjective, like nervous.
精心澆灌的土地。

如果老水芹的女人，唯一的居民，幽谷，已傾向於提出意見，她不能沒有覺察到irriguous溪，吳靄儀和她的朋友繞組寧願跟隨他們到他們的最大的努力。
- 凱瑟琳·格雷斯弗朗西絲·戈爾，“空白和獎品，或該輪的財富，”大吉的愛丁堡雜誌

如無物，在春天開放，可以超過這些irriguous山谷茂密的植被，所以，沒有長期，可以選擇其翠綠的表現。
- 威廉·貝克福德，Vathek

從拉丁詞irrigāre，意思是“濕”和後綴項變成一個形容詞，動詞，如緊張，irriguous來。

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2012_04_12 Macaronic adj. 混合;混亂。Mixed; jumbled.

Word of the Day for Thursday, April 12, 2012
macaronic \mak-uh-RON-ik\, adjective:
1. Composed of a mixture of languages.
2. Composed of or characterized by Latin words mixed with vernacular words or non-Latin words given Latin endings.
3. Mixed; jumbled.
noun:
1. Macaronics, macaronic language.
2. A macaronic verse or other piece of writing.
The tradition is even more significant in Folengo's Italian works and especially in his macaronic writings.
 -- Mikhail Bakhtin, Rabelais and His World
The macaronic mode swivels between different languages. I believe Beckett chose French against English for similar reasons to those of Jean Arp in selecting French against German.
 -- W. D. Redfern, French Laughter: Literary Humour from Diderot to Tournier
The journalistic multiplicity of voices found in the Magazine corresponded with the poetic multi-vocality of Fergusson's macaronic compositions, texts that combined elements of neo-classical English and vernacular Scots diction.
 -- Ian Brown, The Edinburgh History of Scottish Literature
Macaronic is related to the word macaroni. Specifically, the pasta is named after the Southern Italian dialect maccarone, which was also associated with a mixture of Latin and vernacular languages.
1。組成的混合語言。
2。夾雜著白話字或給予拉丁詞尾的非拉丁詞的拉丁詞組成或特點。
3。混合;混亂。

名詞：
1。 macaronics，macaronic語言。
2。一個macaronic詩句或其他書面形式的一塊。

傳統是更為顯著，在Folengo的意大利作品，尤其是在他macaronic著作。
- 巴赫金，拉伯雷和他的世界

不同語言之間的macaronic模式旋轉。我相信，貝克特選擇讓ARP出於同樣的原因，在選擇法國反對德國對英語法語。
- WD的，法國的笑聲雷德芬：文學幽默從狄德羅到Tournier

弗格森的macaronic組成，文字與詩意的多聲樂的聲音，發現在該雜誌的新聞多重對應組合元素的新古典主義的英語和白話蘇格蘭人文辭。
- 伊恩·布朗，愛丁堡蘇格蘭文學史“

macaronic有關的單詞通心粉。具體來說，麵食被命名後，在意大利南部方言馬卡羅內，這也與拉丁語言和方言的混合物。

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2012_04_10 Caparison v. n. To dress richly;豐富的打扮

Word of the Day for Tuesday, April 10, 2012
caparison \kuh-PAR-uh-suhn\, verb:
1. To dress richly; deck.
2. To cover with a caparison.
noun:
1. A decorative covering for a horse or for the tack or harness of a horse; trappings.
2. Rich and sumptuous clothing or equipment.
The fruit, the fountain that's in all of us; in Edward; in Eleanor; so why caparison ourselves on top?
-- Virginia Woolf, The Years
And he followed her order, bridling and saddling the horse and making every effort to caparison it well.
-- Chrétien de Troyes, The Complete Romances of Chrétien de Troyes
Caparison originally referred to an elaborate covering for horses. It is related to the word chaperon.
覆以馬衣\山PAR-UH-孫中山的關係\，動詞：

1。豐富的打扮;甲板。
2。為了掩蓋一個華麗的鞍。

名詞：
1。一個裝飾一匹馬或一匹馬的粘性或線束覆蓋;服飾。
2。豐富和華麗的服裝或設備。

水果，在我們所有的人是在愛德華在埃莉諾的噴泉，為什麼華麗的鞍頂自己？
- 弗吉尼亞·伍爾夫，歲月

他跟著她，為了bridling和背上的馬，並盡一切努力，以及華麗的鞍。
- 克雷蒂安德特魯瓦，克雷蒂安德特魯瓦完整浪漫曲

華麗的鞍原本是指為馬精心覆蓋。它涉及到這個詞伴侶。

2012_04_09 Cumshaw n. 禮物;酬金

Word of the Day for Monday, April  9, 2012
cumshaw \KUHM-shaw\, noun:
A present; gratuity; tip.
Many had nothing to give, but the younger wives always brought a modest cumshaw—a gift—for whatever mysterious service Dr. Ransome provided.
 -- J.G. Ballard, Empire of the Sun
No one in the filthy streets (but for the blessed sea breezes San Francisco would enjoy cholera every season) interfered with my movements, though many asked for cumshaw.
 -- Rudyard Kipling, From Sea to Sea
You know, cumshaw is not really understood by Westerners. It is not a bribe in the Western sense. More accurately, it is like a tip that is given in advance.
 -- David Desauld, Twilight in Tientsin
Cumshaw stems from the Chinese word gân xiè meaning "grateful thanks."
禮物;酬金;一角。

許多人有什麼東西可以給你，但年輕的妻子總是帶來了溫和cumshaw禮物什麼神秘的服務博士蘭塞姆提供。
- J.G.巴拉德，太陽帝國

沒有骯髒的街道之一（但為祝福海風舊金山享受霍亂的每一個季節）干擾我的動作，雖然許多為cumshaw問。
- 吉卜林，從這海到那海

你知道，cumshaw沒有真正理解西方人。這不是一個西方意義上的賄賂。更確切地說，它更像是一個提前給小費。
大衛 - Desauld，在天津黃昏

cumshaw源於“感謝感謝”中國字甘謝意味著

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2012_04_08 Apotropaic adj. 為了避邪。

Word of the Day for Sunday, April  8, 2012
apotropaic \ap-uh-truh-PEY-ik\, adjective:
Intended to ward off evil.
Ritualistic behaviour used as an apotropaic to ward off private demons, yes. Except to Raymond there's danger everywhere.
 -- Leonore Fleischer, Rain Man
In an older kind of fairy story, the magic of the flowers would be potent but unspecified, vaguely apotropaic.
 -- Anthony Burgess, J.G. Ballard, "Introduction," The Best Short Stories of J.G. Ballard
Apotropaic came into common usage in the 1880s. It comes from the Greek word apotrópai meaning "averting evil."
apotropaic\ AP-UH-truh沛-IK\，形容詞：

為了避邪。

抵擋私人惡魔，是作為一個apotropaic儀式行為。除非雷蒙德有危險無處不在。
- Leonore弗萊舍，雨人

在舊​​樣的童話故事，神奇的花朵將是有力的，但非特指，隱約apotropaic的。
- 伯吉斯，J.G.巴拉德，“導言，”最好的JG短篇小說巴拉德

apotropaic開始普遍使用，在19世紀80年代。它有“。避免惡”從希臘字apotrópai的意義

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2012_04_07 Pleach v.To braid (hair).; 編織（頭髮）。

Word of the Day for Saturday, April  7, 2012
pleach \pleech\, verb:
1. To interweave branches or vines for a hedge or arbor.
2. To make or renew (a hedge, arbor, etc.) by such interweaving.
3. To braid (hair).
Robert got up very early, and went off to pleach the big hedge at the foot of the far pasture.
 -- Mary Webb, Seven for a Secret
I might not be able to install plumbing fixtures or to pleach apple trees, but I know how to throw a good party.
 -- Nancy Atherton, Aunt Dimity and the Family Tree
Pleach is derived from the Middle French word plais, which meant "a hedge."
1。對沖或喬木樹枝或藤蔓交織。
2。作出或更新（對沖，涼亭等）等交織。
3。編織（頭髮）。

羅伯特很早就起床，去了pleach在遙遠的牧場腳下的大型對沖。
- 瑪麗·韋布，七的秘密

我可能不能夠安裝管道裝置或到pleach蘋果樹，但我知道如何拋出一個好的黨。
- 南希·阿瑟頓，阿姨Dimity和家庭樹

pleach來自法語單詞中東plais，這意味著“對沖”。

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2012_04_06 Agley = awry; 出差錯;錯了。

Word of the Day for Friday, April  6, 2012
agley \uh-GLEE\, adjective:
Off the right line; awry; wrong.
Reasoning closely, I deduced that her interview with LP Runkle must have gone awry or, as I much prefer to put it, agley.
 -- P. G. Wodehouse, Much Obliged, Jeeves
This had been one of those agley days.
 -- Alisa Craig, The Grub-and-Stakers Move a Mountain
Agley comes from the Middle English word glien meaning "a squint," as in "to look at sideways."

關右行;出差錯;錯了。

推理緊密，我推測，她用LP朗克爾採訪必須出了錯，或者作為我更喜歡把它，agley。
- 體育G.伍德豪斯，非常感謝，佔道

這已經這些agley天。
- 阿利薩克雷格，蠐螬和Stakers移動山

agley來“看”在側身從中古英語單詞glien意思是“斜視”，如

2012_04_05 Ephebe n. 一個年輕男子; A young man.

Word of the Day for Thursday, April  5, 2012
ephebe \ih-FEEB\, noun:
A young man.
His glance touched their faces lightly as he smiled, a blond ephebe.
 -- James Joyce, Ulysses
The three Florentine Davids, those of Donatello, Verrocchio, and Michelangelo, represent the changes in the ideal of male beauty and the model of an ephebe. They are ever smaller, more strained, girlish.
 -- Jan Kott, Shakespeare Our Contemporary
The summer before his senior year of college, in 1997, he worked as an intern at The Paris Review. James Linville, who was then the magazine’s editor, recalled Rowan as an “ephebe type, almost Truman Capote-like.”
 -- Lizzie Widdicombe, “The Plagiarist’s Tale,” The New Yorker, Feb. 13, 2012
Ephebe stems from the Greek word for a young man just entering manhood and commencing training for full Athenian citizenship. It comes from the roots ep- meaning "near" and hḗbē meaning "manhood."
一個年輕男子。

他的目光觸動了他們的臉，輕輕地為他笑了，一位金發碧眼的ephebe。
- 詹姆斯·喬伊斯，“尤利西斯”

三佛羅倫薩大衛，多納特洛，韋羅基奧，米開朗基羅的，代表理想的男性美容和模型一個ephebe的變化。他們是越來越小，越來越緊張，少女。
- 1月Kott，莎士比亞我們的當代

之前，他的大學四年級的那個夏天，在1997年，他曾作為實習生在巴黎審查。詹姆斯·林維爾，當時該雜誌的編輯，回顧作為羅文的“ephebe類型，幾乎像杜魯門·卡波特。”
- 麗茲Widdicombe，“剽竊者的故事”，紐約，2月13日，2012年

ephebe源於希臘字從一個年輕人剛剛進入成年，開始為全雅典公民訓練。 “男子漢”從根EP-意思是“近”和Hebe意義。

2012_04_04 Sylph n. 苗條，婀娜多姿 A slender, graceful woman

Word of the Day for Wednesday, April  4, 2012
sylph \silf\, noun:
1. A slender, graceful woman or girl.
2. (In folklore) one of a race of supernatural beings supposed to inhabit the air.
The sylph had been as slender as a willow, with long silver hair and eyes like the dark between the stars.
 -- Jenna Reynolds, Kiss of Honor
Ben was frantic. He lifted the stricken sylph in his arms and held her close against him
 -- Terry Brooks, Magic Kingdom for Sale – Sold!
The girl's slender and sylph-like figure, tinged with radiance from the sunset clouds, and overhung with the rich drapery of the silken curtains, and set within the deep frame of the window, was a perfect picture.
 -- Nathaniel Hawthorne, The Snow-Image, and Other Tales
Sylph was coined by Paracelsus. It is a blend of sylva, which meant "forest" in Latin, and the Greek word nymph.
空氣精靈\上海國際圖書館論壇\，名詞：

1。一個苗條，婀娜多姿的女人或女孩。
2。 （民俗）應該居住在空氣中的超自然力量的種族之一。

空氣精靈已被柳樹細長，長銀色的頭髮和眼睛像星星之間的暗。
- 珍娜雷諾茲，榮譽之吻

本是瘋狂的。他舉起災區空氣精靈在他的懷裡，她對他的密切舉行
- 布魯克斯特里，魔術王國出售 - 出售！

修長和空氣精靈般的女孩的身影，與晚霞的光輝色彩，懸臂具有豐富的絲質窗簾帷幔，深框架內的窗口設置，是一個完美的畫面。
- 霍桑，冰雪圖片，和其他故事

空氣精靈創造帕拉塞爾蘇斯。這是一個Sylva的，這意味著“森林”，在拉丁美洲和希臘字若蟲混合。

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2012_04_03 zeitgeber n 授時 An environmental cue

Word of the Day for Tuesday, April  3, 2012
zeitgeber \TSAHYT-gey-ber\, noun:
An environmental cue, as the length of daylight, that helps to regulate the cycles of an organism's biological clock.
The light–dark transition Zeitgeber is widely used by plants to set internal clocks not just for leaf movement but for many other activities as well.
 -- John King, Reaching for the Sun
The most prominent zeitgeber in humans is the light/dark cycle.
 -- Harold R. Smith, Cynthia Comella, Birgit Högl, Sleep Medicine
Zeitgeber comes directly from the German word which literally means "time-giver." It entered into English in the 1970s.
授時\ TSAHYT gey-BER\，名詞：

環境線索，如白晝的長度，有助於調節有機體的生物鐘週期。

明暗過渡授時被廣泛應用於植物，不只是葉以及許多其他活動的運動，但設置內部時鐘。
- 約翰國王，達到太陽

在人類最突出的授時是光/暗週期。
- 哈羅德·R·史密斯，辛西婭科梅拉，比吉特Högl，睡眠醫學

授時直接來自德語單詞的字面意思是“時間者。”它在20世紀70年代進入英語。

2012_04_02 Grouse v. 發牢騷;抱怨。To grumble; complain

Word of the Day for Monday, April  2, 2012
grouse \grous\, verb:
1. To grumble; complain.
noun:
1. A complaint.
Today, he went on to grouse about some "pipsqueak" new arrival at Claverack who was only thirteen.
 -- Lionel Shriver, We Need To Talk About Kevin
He continued to grouse as they headed toward the taxi line.
 -- James Rollins, The Doomsday Key
Grouse originally referred to a type of bird. It is uncertain why it began to mean "to complain," though it bears a resemblance to the word grouch.
松雞\ grous\，動詞：

1。發牢騷;抱怨。

名詞：
1。投訴。

今天，他又松雞大約在Claverack一些“小不點兒”新來港定居人士只有13。
- 萊昂內爾·施萊佛，我們需要談談關於凱文

他繼續，松雞作為他們向出租車行領導。
- 詹姆斯·羅林斯，大限的關鍵

松雞原指一種鳥。這是不確定的，為什麼它開始意味著“抱怨”，雖然它蘊藏著相似的字愛發牢騷。

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2012_04_01 Pyknic a./n. 身體結構 Having a rounded build

Word of the Day for Sunday, April  1, 2012
pyknic \PIK-nik\, adjective:
1. Having a rounded build or body structure.
noun:
1. A person of the pyknic type.
I can tell what your feelings are; I'm sensitive, doctor, even if I'm the pyknic bodytype.
 -- Philip K. Dick, Now Wait for Next Year
Another short elf with the same pyknic physique wearing a scotch plaid suit and a green feather in his hat.
 -- R. W. Alexander, Spark of Life
He was very pyknic-looking: neckless and bull-bodied, he showed in eyes and mouth a more dangerous volatility than his mate.
 -- Anthony Burgess, Honey for the Bears
Pyknic entered the English language in the 1920s. It came from the Greek word pykn meaning "thick."

1。有一個圓形的生成或身體結構。

名詞：
1。一個人的pyknic類型。

我可以告訴你的感受是什麼，我很敏感，醫生，即使我pyknic bodytype的。
- 菲利普·迪克，現在等待明年

另一個具有相同pyknic體質身穿蘇格蘭格子西裝和綠色羽毛在他的帽子短的小精靈。
- R·亞歷山大，生命火花

他是非常的前瞻性pyknic：neckless和牛市健全的，他發現在眼睛和嘴巴比他的隊友更危險的波動。
- 伯吉斯，蜂蜜熊

pyknic在20世紀20年代進入英語。來自希臘字，意思是pykn“厚”。